The French Southern Territories, also known as the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, is an overseas territory of France. It consists of several islands located in the southern Indian Ocean: Kerguelen Islands, St. Paul and Amsterdam islands, Crozet Islands, and the Adélie Land in Antarctica. The territory is often referred to as the “French Southern Lands” or “French Southern Territories”.
The French Southern Territories cover a land area of about 7,829 square kilometers, spread across several islands. The Kerguelen Islands are the largest and most populated, with the majority of the territory’s inhabitants residing here. The islands are known for their rugged, rocky landscapes, and harsh, cold climate. The territory also includes a portion of Antarctica, known as Adélie Land, which is uninhabited due to the Antarctic Treaty.
The French Southern Territories are largely uninhabited, with the exception of scientific personnel and military personnel. The population varies from 150 to 310 people throughout the year, depending on the research activities. There are no permanent residents, and the people who do live there temporarily are mostly French scientists, engineers, and researchers.
The French Southern Territories are governed as an overseas territory of France. The French President is the head of state, represented by the Prefect, who resides in Réunion. The territory has no local government or autonomy and is directly administered by the French Ministry of Overseas France.
The economy of the French Southern Territories is limited due to the harsh climate and lack of resources. The main economic activity is fishing, particularly for Patagonian toothfish, and the sale of postage stamps to collectors. The French government also provides support for scientific research and maintains a military presence.
As there are no permanent inhabitants, there is no indigenous culture in the French Southern Territories. The temporary residents, mainly French scientists and military personnel, bring elements of French culture to the islands. The territory is primarily used for scientific research, particularly into meteorology, biology, and geology.
