Margaret Thatcher was a British politician who served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990. Born in Grantham, Lincolnshire in 1925, Thatcher studied chemistry at Oxford University before being elected as a Member of Parliament in 1959. She served in various government positions before being elected as leader of the Conservative Party in 1975. During her time as Prime Minister, Thatcher implemented conservative economic policies such as privatization and deregulation, earning her the nickname “Iron Lady.” She also played a key role in the Cold War, strengthening ties with the United States and opposing Soviet expansionism. Thatcher resigned as Prime Minister in 1990 following a leadership challenge within her own party. She died in 2013 at the age of 87.