ClassX Video Lessons Youtube Channel Smile and Learn English HISTORY for Kids – From Prehistoric Times to the Era of the Industrial Revolution – Compilation
Welcome to Smile and Learn! Let’s dive into the exciting journey of human history, starting from the very beginning. Here are some fascinating things you should know about pre-history!
Pre-history is the oldest period in human history. It began about five million years ago when the first humans appeared and ended with the invention of writing. This time is called pre-history because it happened before people started recording events in writing.
According to the theory of evolution, modern humans evolved from primates who could stand upright. Their brains grew larger, allowing them to think and solve problems. Did you know that the first humans lived in Africa?
Pre-history is divided into three periods: the Paleolithic, the Neolithic, and the Age of Metals.
During the Paleolithic period, humans were nomads, which means they moved around to find food like wild berries, deer, and even mammoths. They lived in tribes and made homes in huts or caves, decorating them with cave paintings of hunting scenes. Isn’t it amazing that their art still exists today? They also discovered fire and made their first stone tools. “Paleolithic” means “Old Stone.”
As humans improved their tools, the Neolithic period began, meaning “New Stone.” This period started around ten thousand years ago with the start of farming and raising animals. People stopped moving around and settled in villages near fertile land with plenty of water. They invented the wheel, which made farming easier, and created tools like the plow and pottery.
The Age of Metals was revolutionary because metal tools were stronger than stone ones. This led to better farming, more food, and a growing population. People discovered metals like copper, bronze, and iron, which helped them make better tools and weapons. This period ended with the invention of writing, marking the start of recorded history.
The Egyptian civilization thrived over 5,000 years ago along the Nile River. The river was essential for farming, transportation, and trade. The Egyptians built pyramids as tombs for their pharaohs, who were considered gods on Earth. They practiced mummification to preserve bodies for the afterlife, believing in life after death.
The ancient Greek civilization began around 1200 BC. It was known for its city-states, each with its own government. Greeks worshiped many gods and created myths to explain the world. They made significant contributions to philosophy, mathematics, and the arts. The Olympic Games, held every four years, started in ancient Greece.
Founded over 2,800 years ago, Rome grew from a monarchy to a republic and then an empire. The Roman army helped expand the empire across Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. Romans were skilled engineers, building roads, aqueducts, and amphitheaters. The empire eventually split into the Western and Eastern Roman Empires, with the Western Empire falling in 476 AD.
The Middle Ages lasted from the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 AD to the discovery of America in 1492 AD. Society was organized around feudalism, with kings, nobles, and peasants. Castles were built for protection, and knights defended their lords. Towns and cities grew as artisans formed guilds to support their crafts.
The Industrial Revolution began in England in the 18th century with the invention of the steam engine. This changed manufacturing and transportation, leading to the rise of factories and urbanization. The telegraph, invented by Samuel Morse, transformed communication. Workers began advocating for better conditions, leading to social changes.
We’ve learned so much about history! If you enjoyed this journey, subscribe to the Smile and Learn educational channel to keep learning and having fun!
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Using a long sheet of paper or a digital tool, create a timeline of the periods discussed in the article: Pre-History, Ancient Civilizations, the Middle Ages, and the Industrial Revolution. Include key events and inventions from each period. This will help you visualize the progression of human history.
Imagine you are a Paleolithic artist. Use natural materials like charcoal, clay, or paint to create your own cave art on paper or cardboard. Think about what scenes from your life you would want to depict, just like early humans did with hunting scenes.
During the Neolithic period, the wheel was invented. Try building a simple model of a wheel using materials like cardboard, plastic lids, or clay. Experiment with how it rolls and think about how this invention changed people’s lives.
Ancient Egyptians built pyramids as tombs for their pharaohs. Design your own tomb on paper, including hieroglyphics, treasures, and a layout of the burial chambers. Consider what items you would include to prepare for the afterlife.
The Industrial Revolution was a time of great invention. Think about a problem you face in daily life and invent a machine that could solve it. Draw your invention and explain how it works, just like inventors did during the Industrial Revolution.
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Here’s a sanitized version of the provided YouTube transcript:
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[Music] Welcome to Smile and Learn! Here are five things you should know about pre-history.
Pre-history marks the oldest period in the history of humanity. It begins with the appearance of human beings and ends with the invention of writing. This period started approximately five million years ago. It’s called pre-history because it refers to the time before history, meaning before the invention of writing.
According to the theory of evolution, modern humans evolved from a certain group of primates who were able to stand upright. Their brain grew in size, allowing them to think. Did you know that the first humans lived in Africa?
We divide pre-history into three periods: the Paleolithic, the Neolithic, and the Age of Metals.
During the Paleolithic period, humans were nomads, meaning they didn’t settle in the same place. They traveled from one area to another looking for food, such as wild berries, deer, bison, or even mammoths. They lived in tribes, in huts or natural caves, which they decorated with cave paintings representing hunting scenes. Isn’t it incredible that their art still remains today? Fire was discovered in Paleolithic times, and humans made their first stone tools. The term “Paleolithic” means “Old Stone.”
As humans progressed and perfected their tools, the Neolithic period began, which means “New Stone.” This period started around ten thousand years ago with the practice of agriculture and cattle raising. During this time, humans began domesticating animals and cultivating the land for food. They stopped being nomads and became sedentary, living in villages near fertile land with plenty of water for their crops and animals.
The Neolithic period saw significant discoveries, including the wheel, which made agricultural tasks easier. Other inventions like the sail, loom, plow, and pottery also emerged. Humans continued to progress, using weapons and metal tools, marking the transition to the Age of Metals.
The Age of Metals was revolutionary because metal tools were more durable than stone tools. This improvement in farming and agriculture led to an increase in food supply and population. Metals like copper, bronze, iron, and even gold were discovered, leading to advancements in craftsmanship and transportation, giving rise to commerce and trade through a barter system. Pre-history ended with the invention of writing, marking the beginning of recorded history.
Now, let’s explore five things you should know about the Paleolithic period. The Paleolithic is the first and longest period of pre-history, beginning with the appearance of human beings around 300,000 years ago in Africa. During this time, humans lived in small tribes and were hunters and gatherers. They held rituals to worship nature and performed funeral rituals for their dead, indicating early spiritual beliefs. Fire was discovered during this time, which was crucial for warmth and cooking.
Art in the Paleolithic period began around 35,000 years ago, with cave paintings created on the walls and ceilings of caves. These paintings often depicted hunting scenes and were made using natural materials like soil, blood, and plants.
The first stone tools were made during the Paleolithic period, which were essential for survival. As humans progressed, they began using materials like bones and wood to create more advanced tools. The practice of agriculture and cattle raising marked the end of the Paleolithic period and the beginning of the Neolithic period.
Now, let’s look at five things you should know about the Neolithic period. The Neolithic period is the last stage of the Stone Age, beginning with agriculture and cattle raising. During this time, humans domesticated animals and cultivated crops, leading to a sedentary lifestyle.
Neolithic settlements were established near fertile land, and the population began to grow. The introduction of tools like the plow and hand mill improved agricultural efficiency. The invention of the wheel was significant, making agricultural tasks easier and facilitating trade.
As villages grew, social organization evolved, with tribal chiefs responsible for the safety and well-being of the people. The use of metal tools marked the end of the Neolithic period and the beginning of the Age of Metals.
Now, let’s explore five things you should know about the Age of Metals. This period began around 7,000 years ago when humans started making metal objects. Metal tools were more durable than stone tools, leading to advancements in agriculture and an increase in food supply.
The Age of Metals is divided into the Copper Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age. Early settlements grew into cities, often located near metal resources and protected by walls. This period also saw the emergence of specialized trades, with people focusing on specific areas like agriculture, pottery, and metal crafts.
The discovery of bronze and iron allowed for the creation of more effective tools and weapons. Metallurgy, the process of working with metals, became an essential skill during this time. The Age of Metals ended with the invention of writing, paving the way for the rise of ancient civilizations.
Now, let’s discuss five things you should know about ancient Egypt. The Egyptian civilization flourished over 5,000 years ago along the Nile River, which was crucial for agriculture, transportation, and trade. The pyramids, built as tombs for pharaohs, are among the most famous structures from this period.
Pharaohs were considered gods on Earth, and their bodies were preserved through mummification for the afterlife. The Egyptians believed in life after death, leaving objects and offerings with the deceased.
Next, let’s explore five things you should know about ancient Greece. The ancient Greek civilization emerged around 1200 BC and was known for its city-states, called “polis.” Each city-state had its own government and was organized with public spaces like the Agora and the Acropolis.
Ancient Greeks were polytheistic, worshiping many gods, and their mythology explained the origins of the world. They made significant contributions to philosophy, mathematics, and the arts, with famous figures like Plato and Aristotle.
The Olympic Games originated in ancient Greece, held every four years in Olympia, where athletes competed for glory rather than medals.
Now, let’s look at five things you should know about the Roman Empire. Founded over 2,800 years ago, Rome transitioned from a monarchy to a republic and eventually to an empire. The Roman army played a crucial role in expanding the empire, which included territories across Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East.
Roman society was divided into classes, with patricians at the top and plebeians making up the working class. The Romans were known for their engineering and architecture, building roads, aqueducts, and amphitheaters.
The Roman Empire faced challenges from invading tribes, leading to its division into the Western and Eastern Roman Empires. The Western Empire fell in 476 AD, marking the beginning of the Middle Ages.
Finally, let’s explore five things you should know about the Middle Ages. This period lasted from the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 AD to the discovery of America in 1492 AD. Society was organized around feudalism, with kings, nobles, and peasants.
The Middle Ages are divided into the Early and Late Middle Ages, with significant changes in social structure and economic activity. Warfare was common, and knights played a vital role in defending their lords.
Castles were built for protection, and markets became centers for trade. Artisans formed guilds to support their crafts, leading to the growth of towns and cities.
Now, let’s discuss five things you should know about the Industrial Revolution. This period began in England in the 18th century with the invention of the steam engine, which transformed manufacturing and transportation. Factories replaced small workshops, leading to cheaper products and urbanization.
The Industrial Revolution also saw the rise of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, with workers advocating for better conditions. The telegraph, invented by Samuel Morse, revolutionized communication.
We’ve learned so much in this video! If you enjoyed it, subscribe to the Smile and Learn educational channel to continue learning and having fun!
[Music]
Pre-history – The period of time before written records were kept. – Scientists study fossils and artifacts to learn about pre-history.
Paleolithic – The early phase of the Stone Age, when humans used simple stone tools. – During the Paleolithic era, people lived as hunter-gatherers.
Neolithic – The later part of the Stone Age, when humans began farming and settling in villages. – The Neolithic Revolution marked the transition from nomadic life to agriculture.
Metals – Elements that are typically hard, shiny, and good conductors of electricity, used by ancient civilizations to make tools and weapons. – The discovery of metals like bronze and iron led to advancements in ancient technology.
Egypt – An ancient civilization in northeastern Africa, known for its pyramids and pharaohs. – Ancient Egypt is famous for its monumental architecture and hieroglyphic writing.
Greece – An ancient civilization known for its influential culture, philosophy, and democracy. – Ancient Greece is often called the cradle of Western civilization.
Rome – An ancient civilization that became a powerful empire, known for its law, architecture, and military. – The Roman Empire was one of the largest empires in history.
Middle Ages – The period in European history from the fall of the Roman Empire to the beginning of the Renaissance. – During the Middle Ages, castles and knights were common in Europe.
Revolution – A significant change in society or government, often achieved through conflict or protest. – The American Revolution led to the independence of the United States from Britain.
Society – A community of people living together and sharing customs, laws, and organizations. – Ancient societies often developed around rivers, which provided water and fertile land.
