ClassX Video Lessons Youtube Channel Smile and Learn English The changes in the states of matter – Fusion, Vaporization, Condensation and Solidification
Hello there! Today, we’re going to learn about how things change from one form to another. It’s like magic, but it’s actually science! Let’s dive in and explore the amazing world of matter.
Matter is everything around us. It can be in three different forms: solid, liquid, and gas. For example, ice is a solid, water is a liquid, and steam is a gas. But did you know that matter can change from one form to another? Let’s find out how!
Have you ever left an ice cube out in the sun and watched it melt? That’s called fusion! When we heat a solid, like ice, it turns into a liquid, like water. The heat makes the tiny particles in the ice move faster and spread out, turning it into a liquid.
Now, let’s think about boiling water. When you heat water, it turns into steam. This process is called vaporization. The heat makes the water particles move even faster and spread out even more, turning the liquid into a gas.
Have you ever seen water droplets on the outside of a cold glass? That’s condensation! When a gas, like steam, cools down, it turns back into a liquid. The particles slow down and come closer together, forming water droplets.
Finally, let’s talk about making popsicles. When you put liquid juice in the freezer, it turns into a solid popsicle. This is called solidification. The cold makes the particles slow down and stick close together, turning the liquid into a solid.
Let’s go over what we’ve learned:
Isn’t it amazing how matter can change forms? Now you know all about the changes in the states of matter. Next time you see ice melting or water boiling, you’ll know exactly what’s happening!
I hope you enjoyed learning about the changes in matter. Have fun exploring the world around you, and maybe even try making some popsicles yourself. See you next time!
Ice Cube Experiment: Try this fun experiment at home! Take an ice cube and place it in a sunny spot. Watch it closely and see how long it takes to melt completely. As you observe, think about what is happening to the ice cube. Why do you think it melts faster in the sun? Discuss with a friend or family member how the heat from the sun causes fusion, turning the solid ice into liquid water.
Steam and Mirror Activity: With the help of an adult, boil some water in a kettle. Hold a mirror above the steam (be careful not to get too close!). Watch as the steam turns into tiny water droplets on the mirror. This is condensation! Talk about how the gas (steam) cools down and turns back into a liquid. Can you think of other places where you see condensation happening?
Make Your Own Popsicles: Create your own popsicles using your favorite juice. Pour the juice into molds and place them in the freezer. Check on them every hour and notice how the liquid slowly turns into a solid. This is solidification! Once they’re ready, enjoy your homemade treat and think about how the cold temperature caused the liquid particles to slow down and stick together.
Sure! Here’s a sanitized version of the YouTube transcript:
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Hello! I’m making some more popsicles to sell. They taste so good, and I’m sure they’ll sell really fast. These are ready; they’ve become solid because I put them in the freezer. Have you ever heard of the word “solidification”? It’s one of the changes in states of matter. There are more changes, so don’t worry; I’ll explain all about them.
You already know that matter exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas. A change in state happens when we heat or cool matter. If we heat solid matter, it becomes a liquid. We call this process fusion.
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If we heat liquid matter, it becomes a gas. We call this process vaporization. These two processes can occur in the opposite direction when we cool matter instead of applying heat. If we cool a gas, it becomes a liquid; this process is called condensation. If we freeze liquid matter, it will become a solid; this process is called solidification.
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Oh no, the popsicles have melted! I completely forgot about them. Do you remember how we call the change from solid to liquid? It’s called fusion. When a solid becomes a liquid, it’s called fusion. When the temperature of a solid rises, the particles that make up matter start detaching from one another and move more freely.
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See, liquid turns into gas when heated. Do you remember how we call this process? When a liquid becomes a gas, it’s called vaporization. When a liquid is heated, the bonds among the particles that make up matter become looser, so particles move around freely.
What if I cover this pot? What do you think might happen? Water vapor cools as it reaches the lid, and its state changes from gas to liquid. Do you remember how we call this process? The change from gas to liquid is called condensation. As a gas cools, the particles that make up matter start coming closer to one another and move around more slowly. This will continue until matter solidifies completely.
I think the popsicles I froze earlier are just about ready. That’s right! I put some popsicle molds in the freezer a while ago, and the liquid in the molds must have frozen by now. The change from liquid to solid is called solidification. During the solidification process, the particles that make up matter lay very close to one another and move less and less.
These are the changes in the states of matter. Let’s recap:
– If we heat solid matter, it becomes a liquid (fusion).
– If we heat liquid matter, it becomes a gas (vaporization).
– If we cool a gas, it becomes a liquid (condensation).
– If we freeze liquid matter, it becomes a solid (solidification).
Now you know all about the changes in states of matter! I hope you find what you’ve learned useful in class. I have to go look at all those people lining up for popsicles. See you around!
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